LAMI DeTeC 
Demining Technology Center		 EPFL

GPR Images

Current Status of activities: completed (see the Home Page).

[NOTE: Additional data acquired with the same system is available from the VUB datasets (external link to data acquired in the Free University of Brussels (VUB) sandbox using the SPRScan GPR from ERA Ltd, after equipment transfer from the EPFL)]

These images have been acquired in our sandbox using one SPRscan from ERA Ltd., equipped with one 1 GHz antenna.
 

Each set of measures consists of 21 B-scans on the x-direction and 21 B-scans on the y-direction. Length of the radar path is 1 meter, distance between two parallel scans is 2 cm.
 

Top view of the sand box with radar path in black

To download these binary (170 k) SEG-2 files using Netscape, just click on the file name with the right button and choose "Save this Link as ...".

To download an exemple of one filtered B-scan using Netscape, just click on the file name with the right button and choose "Save this Link as ...". These images are stored in gif files.

These files are also available via FTP at diftp.epfl.ch in the pub/detec directory. Some MatLab routines which can be used to process these data files are also provided for your convenience.

Available type of mines

* LI 11 AP Mine * LI 11-RTV AP Mine * LI 11 REAL AP Mine * PFM-1 AP Mine
* PMN AP Mine * PMN2 AP Mine * Type 72 AP Mine * C4A1 AP Mine

Mine LI11 measures

LI11 Minimum Metal Anti-personnel mine with a fixed lower part and a movable upper part.

Diameter: 80 mm, height: 35 mm, main charge: 110 g of TNT. Courtesy of the Swiss Army. 
 

* At 1 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 

 * At 3 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 

 * At 5 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 

 * At 10 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 
* At 1 cm depth in earth  * At 3 cm depth in earth  * At 5 cm depth in earth  * At 10 cm depth in earth 

Mine LI11-RTV measures

LI11 Minimum Metal Anti-personnel mine with a fixed lower part and a movable upper part.

Diameter: 80 mm, height: 35 mm, filled with 110 g of RTV. 
 

* At 1 cm depth in earth  * At 3 cm depth in earth  * At 5 cm depth in earth  * At 10 cm depth in earth 

Mine LI11 REAL measures

LI11 Real minimum Metal Anti-personnel mine with a fixed lower part and a movable upper part.

Diameter: 80 mm, height: 35 mm, filled with 110 g of TNT.

For security reasons, radar head was situated 1cm above the ground floor ! 
 

* At 1 cm depth in earth 

(without detonator) 

 * At 2 cm depth in earth 

(without detonator) 

 * At 2 cm depth in earth 

(with detonator) 

 * At 1 cm depth in earth 

(with detonator, mine bottom up) 
* At 3 cm depth in earth 

(with detonator, inclined at 15 deg) 

 * At 3 cm depth in earth 

(with detonator, inclined at 45 deg) 

 * At 1 cm depth in earth 

(with detonator, inclined at 90 deg, perpendicular to the radar path) 

 * At 1 cm depth in earth 

(with detonator, inclined at 90 deg, parallel to the radar path) 

Mine PFM-1 measures

PFM Small air-delivered plastic anti-personnel mine with low metallic signature.

Length:, width:, height:, contains 35 to 40 g of liquid explosive 
 

* At 1 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 

 * At 3 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 

 * At 5 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 

 * At 10 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 
* At 1 cm depth in earth  * At 3 cm depth in earth  * At 5 cm depth in earth  * At 10 cm depth in earth 

Mine PMN measures

PMN Well known anti-personnel mine. Case of duroplastic, "large" metallic striker and retaining cap.

Diameter: 112 mm, height: 56 mm, main charge: 240 g of TNT. Retaining cap not available for these measurements. 
 

* At 1 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 

 * At 3 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 

 * At 5 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 

 * At 10 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 
* At 1 cm depth in earth  * At 3 cm depth in earth  * At 5 cm depth in earth  * At 10 cm depth in earth 

Mine PMN2 measures

PMN Improved modell of well known PMN anti-personnel mine. Case of duroplastic, "large" metallic striker and retaining cap.

Diameter: 120 mm, height: 53 mm, main charge: 100 g of TNT/RDX. With retaining cap for these measurements. 
 

* At 1 cm depth in earth  * At 3 cm depth in earth  * At 5 cm depth in earth  * At 10 cm depth in earth 

Mine type 72 measures

T72 Small low-metallic content anti-personnel cylindrical mine.

Diametre: 78 mm, height: 37 mm, contains 34 g of explosive. 
 

* At 1 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 

 * At 3 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 

 * At 5 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 

 * At 10 cm depth in sand 

* Example of B-scan (.gif) 
* At 1 cm depth in earth  * At 3 cm depth in earth  * At 5 cm depth in earth  * At 10 cm depth in earth 

Mine type C4A1 measures

C4A1Small shaped charge plastic anti-personnel mine.

Body assembly - Diameter: 51 mm, height: 76 mm, weight: 76 g

Charge assembly - Length: 38 mm, width: 57 mm, weight of explosive 7,8g

* At 1 cm depth in earth  * At 3 cm depth in earth  * At 5 cm depth in earth  * At 10 cm depth in earth 
http://diwww.epfl.ch/lami/detec/gprimages.html
Created by PYP / Last modified by BG 17.10.1997
Current Status: completed (see the Home Page).
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